Old Chinatown of Los Angeles Essay examples -- Chinese China History E

Old Chinatown of Los Angeles Chinese first established their community in Los Angeles at today's El Pueblo Historical Monument. About two hundred settled by the year 1870. This number gradually increased over the years when the Southern Pacific began to construct a railroad from San Francisco in the 1870s. They were farm laborers, servants, road builders and small shopkeepers. Even with heavy discrimination during this time, Chinese held a dominant economic position in the Los Angeles laundry and produce industries for several years. Due to this old Chinatown explained its' boundaries eastward from the Plaza across from Alameda Street and grew to a population of over three thousand. The Chinese never owned major land or property but, were lessees, subleases or tenants. Laws were in place preventing them from becoming citizens and in turn property owners. The Chinese settled mostly on land owned by Juan Apablasa and controlled by his widow. This inability to own land would latter come back to haunt them. One of the most serious incidents of racial violence that has ever occurred in Los Angeles happened in October of 1871. Nineteen Chinese men and boys were murdered in a racial violence by a mob of five hundred locals. This riot was triggered when a fight broke out between two Chinese men over a Chinese girl. A Caucasian man was accidental slayed while caught in the crossfire. This was fueled by the growing movement of anti-Chinese discrimination in California, which would climax in the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882. This would be known as the infamous Chinese Massacre. Old Chinatown's heyday was between the years of 1890-1910. It could count 15 or so streets and alleys, and perhaps 200 building units. I... ...arge of their needs and problems. The local property owners joined together to build a legal group, BID, to help them realize common goals for their properties and surrounding areas. BID, which stands for Business Improvement District, has goals that include creating a clean, safe and friendly environment, increasing visitors to the area and enhancing property values. This is to help secure their place as a huge tourism site in Los Angeles. Bibliography BID. http://www.chinatownla.com/bid_main.htm Chinese Americans in Los Angeles. http://www.camla.org/history.htm Chinatown Walking Tour. http://www.chinatownla.com/walkingtour.htm History of Old Chinatown Los Angeles. http://oldchinatownla.com/history.html 1871 Los Angeles Chinese Massacre: A Statement of Remembrance. http://www.camla.org/history/massacre.htm See, Lisa. On Gold Mountain. Old Chinatown of Los Angeles Essay examples -- Chinese China History E Old Chinatown of Los Angeles Chinese first established their community in Los Angeles at today's El Pueblo Historical Monument. About two hundred settled by the year 1870. This number gradually increased over the years when the Southern Pacific began to construct a railroad from San Francisco in the 1870s. They were farm laborers, servants, road builders and small shopkeepers. Even with heavy discrimination during this time, Chinese held a dominant economic position in the Los Angeles laundry and produce industries for several years. Due to this old Chinatown explained its' boundaries eastward from the Plaza across from Alameda Street and grew to a population of over three thousand. The Chinese never owned major land or property but, were lessees, subleases or tenants. Laws were in place preventing them from becoming citizens and in turn property owners. The Chinese settled mostly on land owned by Juan Apablasa and controlled by his widow. This inability to own land would latter come back to haunt them. One of the most serious incidents of racial violence that has ever occurred in Los Angeles happened in October of 1871. Nineteen Chinese men and boys were murdered in a racial violence by a mob of five hundred locals. This riot was triggered when a fight broke out between two Chinese men over a Chinese girl. A Caucasian man was accidental slayed while caught in the crossfire. This was fueled by the growing movement of anti-Chinese discrimination in California, which would climax in the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882. This would be known as the infamous Chinese Massacre. Old Chinatown's heyday was between the years of 1890-1910. It could count 15 or so streets and alleys, and perhaps 200 building units. I... ...arge of their needs and problems. The local property owners joined together to build a legal group, BID, to help them realize common goals for their properties and surrounding areas. BID, which stands for Business Improvement District, has goals that include creating a clean, safe and friendly environment, increasing visitors to the area and enhancing property values. This is to help secure their place as a huge tourism site in Los Angeles. Bibliography BID. http://www.chinatownla.com/bid_main.htm Chinese Americans in Los Angeles. http://www.camla.org/history.htm Chinatown Walking Tour. http://www.chinatownla.com/walkingtour.htm History of Old Chinatown Los Angeles. http://oldchinatownla.com/history.html 1871 Los Angeles Chinese Massacre: A Statement of Remembrance. http://www.camla.org/history/massacre.htm See, Lisa. On Gold Mountain.

How does Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman reflect society at the time? Essay

Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller deals with one mans struggle in achieving success and how outside influences such as money, family and even society influence an individual. Willy Loman’s tragic character has a lot of depth to it, and to therefore understand such depth we must look in to the society that is around him and indeed the playwright Arthur Miller. Willy Loman is set apart from the rest of society as he relies upon a different set of values and motivations everyone else rests on. From the time, that Death of a Salesman was written there were many accounts on how America was going through a post war social and economic upheaval. It was not only Arthur Miller but also Tennessee Williams who began creating a series of protest plays whilst working with radical theatre companies. The history that had gone before them formed many of the major themes that defined their characters along with the explanation of the social pressure that is exerted on them. Dignity loss and self-assurance that Miller saw as one legacy of the social crash that without a doubt left a mark on Miller, which can be seen in his creation of the character Willy Loman. This included the sense that promises made by a society that seemed so secure were betrayed. The barrier that prevented the world from becoming chaotic became fragile with the betrayal of the promises that were made. Greed for success has eaten in to the minds of countless individuals especially those who fled to America in order to achieve â€Å"The American dream†. People in this civilisation are desperate to climb and do whatever it takes to achieve success no matter which they hurt in the process, this is particularly evident in the character of Willy Loman as his want of money consumes him up until the point he shamelessly commits suicide. It can be argued that Willy Loman does not choose this destructive dream because it is forced upon him by society. The ideas that epitomize the American Dream are that which Willy Loman constantly tries to achieve; wealth, fame and overall success. The play of Death of a Salesman on the surface appears to be about one man’s quest in becoming a well-liked salesman. On some levels, Willy feels as if he is obligated to fulfil this dream that society has inflicted, however looking at his character in depth it is Willy who feels trapped by this dream. The American dream is presented as â€Å"the† dream to have with no other been being acceptable. Willy’s true dream resurfaces at certain points within the play, the dream that has been forced in to his almost subconscious mind; living on his own in the country were he can raise his family and live off the land. This dream only resurfaces when the dream he is trying to achieve (The American Dream) does not go according to plan, for instance when Willy plants seeds in his garden. Willy’s true dream is the same dream that his son Biff wishes to achieve in the climax of the play. It is Willy that makes this dream seem impossible for Biff to achieve as he is forcing him in to the false dream of the well liked salesman. Willy’s death at the end of the play appears to be out of love for his family. He does this so that his family can have his life insurance thus completing the dream of being wealthy, he continues to have the hope that he will complete the false dream that he is living. Another prime reason for Willy Loman to carry out his own death is that he will free his sons of the burden to finish the unfulfilled dream, therefore setting them free to create his own dreams. This reflects society again as in the time that parents have continuously been pressured in to encouraging their child to succeed in life. Mike Lesage makes the very powerful statement it was society who stripped him of his dignity, piece by piece. It was society who stripped him of his lifestyle, and his own sons who stripped him of hope†. The way Willy treats his wife Linda is a direct reflection of the way in which women in society at the time would have been treated. In the United states women were not given equal rights until around the early 1970’s. At this point, they were given the simple pleasure of a credit card however; they had to possess their husband’s name on it. However, during the time Death of a Salesman was written women were still in the battle for fair treatment and equal rights. The way in which Miller displays this is by not including any strong female figures in the play. The repression of women in society at the time just caused them to be held back, something that a fast developing country such as America could not afford to do. Eliza Kazan once said, â€Å"Willy is one vast contradiction, and this contradiction is his downfall† This reflects Willy’s undecided attitudes on pride, success and his affair, which therefore portrays Willy Loman as a casualty of the capitalistic concept. It becomes evident from this play how society can be very judgemental on the people within it. The protagonist, Willy Loman is used by Miller to portray the prejudice a society has on a person. Willy Loman becomes alienated in many different ways, for instance being fired from his job and the feeling that he has been segregated from his own family. All of the actions that alienate him validate the discrimination of a biased world.

A Crisis so Severe, the World Financial System Is Affected

A Crisis So Severe, The World Financial System Is Affected Following a period of economic boom, a financial bubble—global in scope—has now burst. A collapse of the US sub-prime mortgage market and the reversal of the housing boom in other industrialized economies have had a ripple effect around the world. Furthermore, other weaknesses in the global financial system have surfaced. Some financial products and instruments have become so complex and twisted, that as things start to unravel, trust in the whole system started to fail. John Bird, John Fortune, Subprime Crisis, February 14, 2008 While there are many technical explanations of how the sub-prime mortgage crisis came about, the mainstream British comedians, John Bird and John†¦show more content†¦Many banks were taking on huge risks increasing their exposure to problems. Perhaps it was ironic, as Evan Davies observed, that a financial instrument to reduce risk and help lend more—securities—would backfire so much. When people did eventually start to see problems, confidence fell quickly. Lending slowed, in some cases ceased for a while and even now, there is a crisis of confidence. Some investment banks were sitting on the riskiest loans that other investors did not want. Assets were plummeting in value so lenders wanted to take their money back. But some investment banks had little in deposits; no secure retail funding, so some collapsed quickly and dramatically. The problem was so large, banks even with large capital reserves ran out, so they had to turn to governments for bail out. New capital was injected into banks to, in effect, allow them to lose more money without going bust. That still wasn’t enough and confidence was not restored. (Some think it may take years for confidence to return.) Shrinking banks suck money out of the economy as they try to build their capital and are nervous about loaning. Meanwhile businesses and individuals that rely on credit find it harder to get. A spiral of problems result. As Evan Davies described it, banks had somehow taken what seemed to be a magic bullet of securitization and fired it on themselves. Creating More Risk By Trying To Manage Risk Securitization wasShow MoreRelatedEssay about Global Banking Crisis735 Words   |  3 Pagesfrom the prior global banking crisis? What should be done to prevent such a crisis from happening again? After so much worldwide financial turmoil, learning the right lessons from the global banking crisis is a challenge for the advanced economies and the larger emerging economies whose policies will determine the global financial system over the next several years. The most difficult challenge is not only learning, but applying the lessons learned from the crisis, which proves to be very difficultRead MoreThe Collapse Of The Lehman Brothers1638 Words   |  7 PagesThe global financial crisis of 2008 that reeked havoc on most of the financial institutions had them fall into liquidation and bankruptcy. One of the most popular and most debated incident was the failure of the Lehman Brothers. The Lehman Brothers were a leading US investment bank that was worth $600 billion (D’Arcy). The global financial crisis prompted Lehman Brothers to close its leading subprime lender (BNC Mortages) in 23 locations (). The closing of these locations were so aggressive thatRead MoreFinancial Cri sis : A Global Crisis Essay1729 Words   |  7 PagesOverview: The 2008 financial crisis is notably one of the worst financial disasters in American history. It began with a large financial bubble, in which many investment, real estate, and insurance companies made millions. 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Here, the purpose of this assignmentRead MoreThe Issue Of Corporate Greed1287 Words   |  6 Pagescorporate greed, especially on Wall Street, we can decide if an issue is overblown by asking one question, â€Å"Can a life-ruining, economy-changing financial crisis be skewed for dramatic effect?† The Big Short tells the story of the financial crisis of 2008 and tackles the issue of corporate greed in the form of the true stories of a few men who saw the crisis coming. The issue is not overblown at all. This can be observed by simply looking to the devastation and chaos caused by banks trying to makeRead MoreSingapore s Trade Between Singapore And Japan1367 Words   |  6 PagesTwo of the worlds leading economic countries accounted for more than three fourths of Singapore s trade in services, while other smaller countries accounted for the remaining one fourth. Due to these foreign i nvestments into the economy, Singapore was able to prosper. The Aegean Islands was the highest percentage of Singapore s South Eastern Asian trade. As predicted by Stamford Raffles, Singapore succeeded in trade with the Aegean Islands, which made up 74% of Singapore s overall trade in 1825

Modern Masculinity And Its Impact On Modern Society

The majority of men are led to the believe that the ability to show weakness is regarded as the most un-male components; this means that vulnerability and openness which are absolutely important for self-exploration or personal development, are recognized as weak behaviors. After all, the modern men still deal with relatively archaic messages related to the meaning of being a male or a man. For instance, the society predicts men to be strong at all costs, to be stoic and unemotional, to be rescuers, and, of course, to consider own work as a key priority (Vermunt). Thus, it is important to provide a thorough investigation of the current ads in order to identify both positive and negative aspects in terms of modern masculinity and define†¦show more content†¦In addition, the majority of the recent Super Bowl s ads intend to continue the existing trend in terms of the exaggerated humor as a specific mechanism implemented in order to deflect the relevant criticism, despite the f act that they use an openly angry tone and illustrate a natural patriarchal order on display. After all, images of masculinity that can do double duty with a great variety of consumers, including both male and female, are not extremely difficult to create in a modern culture, especially if to pay attention to the fact that â€Å"the muscular male body has a long and glorious aesthetic history† (Bordo, 178). Hollywood and mainstream media have also began depicting, rather explicitly, male genitalia often enlarged using padding and photoshop (Bordo, 168). This stands true especially for advertisement campaigns for underwear. If you compare the pictures of the Calvin Klein underwear advertisement, you can see how Photoshop is used to give the model seemingly larger genitalia than in real life. Over years of seeing such advertisements and depictions, it can create a serious impact on the males viewing such images as it may leave them feeling inadequate or not manly enough even t hough such images have been under Photoshop to seem bigger. Such feelings can create real psychological damage where men may feel that big genitalia constitutes as manly.Show MoreRelatedModern Masculinity And Its Impact On Society883 Words   |  4 PagesThis is the second in a series of posts exploring modern masculinity. Last week, we talked a little about some of the groundwork for our present expectations of manliness. 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This review will argue that through the focus on Gender, particularly masculinity, Jarhead provides a critique of the military’s dependence on masculinity as a means of shaping the ‘worth’ of men,

Choices Nutrition Logo Essay - 1221 Words

In the January issue of the Journal of the American Dietetic Association, an article was published regarding the impact of nutritional labels on food choices at different Dutch work cafeterias. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences made to food choices, and if it stimulated consumers to make healthier choices or if customers actually pay attention to the nutritional information in the product. The Choices nutrition logo is found around European countries in supermarket chains and different locations. This logo is similar to the Smart Choices program, which appears on the front of the pack of certain food items, such as cereal boxes, breads, yogurts, etc. along the United States. Both these logos inform the†¦show more content†¦The menus consisted of one freshly prepared Choices sandwich, one regular sandwich, one Choices soup and a regular soup, aside from the regular products they offered, such as dairy products, beverages and other hot meals. The employees from the cafeterias kitchens were trained to make sure all the items in the selected menus were prepared the exact same way. The prices of these products were the exact same. Other items in the cafeterias offered, such as snacks, fruits, salad bar, etc, were not included in the study since said products did not comply with the Choices criteria. A three-week menu cycle was created and rotated three times to fu lfill the nine-week period. Also, menus explaining the meaning of the Choices logo were available to focus the employee’s attention to the products offered, intended to make the employees to make healthier choices. The control cafeterias did not use any logo or provide any other type of information on the products from the study menu. Aside from the collection of the data regarding the sales on Choices products and other non-Choices products offered in the menu, information was also collected from other foods offered in the cafeterias, such as the sales on fried foods, fresh fruit (included as Choices menu item) and salads to see if the intervention of the Choices labeling had any effect on the sales of these other products. To see if the intervention of the labeling in theShow MoreRelatedDeceptive Health Marketing on Food Products Essay1631 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Smart Choices program. In many cases, however, these assurances of quality and nutrition are not what they seem to be. The use of deceptive health marketing by corporations on food products is unethical. Many of the names consumers trust to guide them in a better lifestyle are actually paid large sums of money by corporations for the privilege of putting a logo on their product. When deciding between similar products, consumers are often drawn to familiar names and logos over the unknownRead MoreLegal Research Of A Small Business With Roberto960 Words   |  4 Pagesinvolve and be sued in trademark infringement law by using the name and logo of another company. The trademark infringement is the using of another’s mark without authorization or permission of the trademark owner. Although they are not cheese package, they have name and logo that look same with cheese package logo. Therefore, they are easy to cause customer to become confused about the products. If we keep choosing their name and logo, we should buy franchise from their companies. However, we will notRead MoreEthos And Its Effect On Society1129 Words   |  5 Pagesof persuasion known as logos, the appeal to logic, pathos, the appeal to emotion, and ethos, arguably the most important and persuasive part of an argument. Ethos is the strongest and most effective method of persuasion that establishes likability and credibility which creates a trustworthy bond and hooks the crowd into listening. It is used constantly in advertisement and everyday life, so much so that people don’t notice it. For example, in an EAS magazine ad for nutrition protein powder, a pictureRead MoreA Health Conscious Brand Extension for Coca-Cola971 Words   |  4 Pagesproducts have historically eschewed nutrition in favor of marketability. However, as SourceWatch points out, marketability has increasingly come to rely on a demonstration of interest in the nutritional well-being of the products core buying target. In response to this rising trend, SourceWatch reports, in March 2004, Coca-Cola announced that it was creating the Beverage Institute for Health Wellness. According to PR Week the institute is to support nutrition research, education, and outreach.Read MoreFood Policy Is Not Sufficiently Addressed By Our Go vernment Essay1247 Words   |  5 PagesIn the garden of life, we are flowers that grow and bloom not only from the sunshine we get, but also from the nutrition we receive. As a human being, healthy food is the most important source that nurture our body and help us achieve a happy life. Activist and author Michael Pollan, wrote â€Å"Farmer in Chief†, published in 2008 in the New York Times, and he argues that food policy is not sufficiently addressed by our government. By using concreate language, reputable sources from experts in the foodRead MoreManagerial Function of Nestle1042 Words   |  5 Pages  Good Food is the primary source of Good Health throughout life. We strive to bring consumers foods that are safe of high quality and provide optimal nutrition to meet physiological needs. In addition to Nutrition, Health and Wellness, Nestle products bring consumers the vital ingredients of taste and pleasure.   As consumers continue to make choices regarding foods and beverages they consume, Nestle helps provide selections for all individual taste and lifestyle preferences. Research is a key partRead MoreObesity in Texas Children Essay1134 Words   |  5 Pagesa school program to help obese children lose weight. Also, television advertisements are influencing obese children to make unhealthy choices. Allowing healthier school lunches will decrease obesity in children because it will give them the proper nutrition to reduce the risk of health issues. Since obesity causes many health issues, maintaining a proper nutrition will reduce the risk of health issues. According to Star- Telegram, a daily newspaper that serves Fort Worth and areas of North TexasRead MoreFast Food Restaurants And Their Effects969 Words   |  4 Pageswell. However, the food from the restaurants are causing multiple problems in today’s society. It has a significant impact on American’s health which is leading to deaths and obesity. Also, fast food can lead to an increase in weight gain and bad nutrition for a human’s body. David Zinczenko is the editor-in-chief of Men’s Health magazine. In his essay, Don’t Blame the Eater, he argues that fast-food restaurants are unhealthy and that they are causing health issues in many teenagers, specificallyRead MoreEssay Nutrition770 Words   |  4 Pages Nutrition is an important issue in my life for many reasons. The most important being my major, dental hygiene. I’ve taken a couple nutrition courses already. I also simply care for the fact that what we eat is associated with our health and how long we may live. Before I went to the website I didn’t expect to see many healthy benefits to eating McDonalds so I guess I was prepared. It said that McDonald’s food is linked to serious diseases because of the high fat and low fiber content. I know fromRead MoreThe Responsibility of the Fast Food Industries for Obesity1391 Words   |  6 Pagescontinuous rise of obesity rates revolves around who is at fault. Do we blame the consumer s or the fast food industries? Although fast food companies persuade us with cheap prices and convenience, we should be able to take full responsibility for our food choices and our health. Two highly respected authors, Radley Balko and David Zinczenko, argue about obesity and government involvement; however, they share different views on who should be held accountable for this recurring issue. Balko aims to convince

Medicine and Mental Illness Free Essays

K272 TMA01 Consider the usefulness of a holistic model in explaining the experience of mental health. A holistic approach to mental illness means that the user’s physical, mental and spiritual health along with the user s state of mind, lifestyle and social factors will all be taken into consideration when analysing them. Holism refers to treating the whole person. We will write a custom essay sample on Medicine and Mental Illness or any similar topic only for you Order Now This means that holism feels disease doesn’t just affect the body, but also the mind and spirit as well. It’s said that the five dimensions are all inter related and so if one is c hanged then the other dimensions will all be impacted in some way or another. In a sense I feel that holism is practical as it explores several avenues in order to treat mental illness rather than the bio-medical approach which uses only one. The World Health Organisation (1946), define health in the following way ‘a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity’. This definition of health supports both the medical and social models. In suggesting that wellbeing is the key to health the definition embraces the idea that in the treatment of illness all factors, social, mental and physical must be taken into account. If this definition is what professional’s base their treatment of mental health upon, then it could be seen that the medical and holistic models are intertwined and should in fact work in harmony. Yet one model holds dominance over the other. It is the medical model which is predominantly used in the treatment of mental health (Bentall, 2003) The Biomedical Model The bio medical model evolved as a response to diseases in the 19th century. German psychiatrists then used this model, based on their beliefs and not hard evidence, to categorize the symptoms of mental distress into distinct conditions, one of which was Schizophrenia (Bentall, 2003). The model suggests that mental health is an illness, characterised by specific symptoms that have a pathological base. This came about because research supported the notion that mental ill health was due to chemical imbalances, body dysfunction or injury (McCullough et al, 2005, Pritchard, 2006). However there is another suggestion that mental health is a hypothetical construct† (Boyle, 2002: 14). The fundamental focus of this model is that the individual is the source of their mental illness. Therefore the person can be treated and as with most illness the medical model will look at medication as the way forward (Beresford, 2005). Within this model the body is seen as a device rather than a person and as an appliance its functions will often need repair (Giddens, 2006). This thought process is damaging, it can encourage a poor relationship. When the ‘person’ becomes lost and is seen as a list of symptoms, they become stigmatised and labelled. This labelling can cause further mental distress and so more ‘symptoms’ may be seen (Thompson, 2006). The medical model sees mental illness as a brain malfunction, an imbalance, a set of symptoms, to restore mental health the medical experts will endeavour to adjust the imbalances with a variety of drugs. The use of drugs often does give a quick fix to some symptoms; however the use often creates a dependence, which may last until death (Harris et al, 2007). This dependence on drugs will give further credence to the medical model. Many researchers point out that this reliance on medication causes further mental distress, as the side effects can be many and enduring, adding further problems to those with a diagnosis of mental illness(Wallcraft, 2005,Usher et al, 2006). The Holistic Model As we know the holistic model is not the most popular model, it is however very important as it represents a way of thinking and understanding mental distress and gives a positive approach to working with and supporting people experiencing mental illness. Each person’s experience of mental illness is unique. Seedhouse (2000, pp 59-60) suggests that holism makes two main claims: that the whole cannot be fully understood separately and that they separate parts cannot be understood apart from the whole. Holism has many available methods including counselling, and congestive behaviour therapy. Although all of these aspects work together each promotes its own therapeutic power, which doesn’t really take a holistic perspective as it claims to. This can be very confusing and distressing for a user who has only ever encountered the biomedical model. A good example of this is (Taussig, 2002, p10) â€Å"the recovery from breakdowns has always been slow and painful, and each one has brought a different treatment ranging from C. B. T therapy to psychoanalysis. On each occasion when I called on the providers to help me out of the dark, each stood proudly alone protesting their own therapeutic power and efficacy†. Holism allows users to see how the body and mind are connected by letting them reflect. Reflection matters because it is continuous with practise. How you think about what you are doing affects how you do it, or whether you do it at all. It may direct your research or your whole attitude to people who do things differently, or indeed your whole life. (Blackburn 1999) However holistic approaches can bring the mind-body divide to the forefront as its been proven that reflecting on emotions can bring on physical distress such as raised heartbeat, headaches, and pains. Bringing supressed thoughts to the surface can also cause people to become dependent on such things as alcohol and drugs which need some biomedical intervention. Mind-body relations are always mutual and bidirectional-the body affects the mind and is affected by it. mind and body are so integrally related that, in practise], it makes little sense to refer to therapies as solely â€Å"mental† or† physical†, rather mind-body could perhaps be best regarded as an overall process that is not easily dissected into separate and distinct components or parts. (Seedhouse 2002, p55). . Whilst there are arguably opposing principles within the medical and holistic model it can be suggested that the diversity can be productive. There are aspects of both models that may help with the diagnoses of mental illness. The bio medical model through research will continue to strive for a specific, pathological base. Medicine aims to prevent mortality, with a high incidence of morbidity within the group of people diagnosed with mental illness, on-going research is a must (Muir-Cochrane 2006). The holistic model will strive to ensure, that the person with mental distress will have an individual programme tailored to their needs and therefore a selection of treatments may be the answer. The Hippocratic Oath which is fundamental in medicine suggests that interventions delivered from the medical profession of which psychiatry belongs ‘do no harm’ Sokol (2008). If the so called experts used the model to treat service users with a diagnoses mental illness in a way that caused no harm they would strive to ensure that when assessment was undertaken all aspects of the medical and holistic models of mental distress would be taken into account. The complex nature of mental illness would be identified and a more impartial framework of support could be supplied. It could look at solutions and ways of coping, rather than problems and illness. It would value the service user with mental distress, building a relationship and remembering that ‘mental illness’ it is not just an illness, a list of symptoms, there is a person present that needs to be respected. Perhaps the unification of these two models would enable the treatment for mental illness to be more people centred and unique. Service users could define what help was needed, and the balance of power would be with the expert. (Warren, 2007). References Beresford, P. (2005) Social Approaches to Madness and Distress: User Perspectives and User Knowledge, In J Tew (Ed), Social Perspectives in Mental Health: Developing Social Models to Understand and Work with Mental Distress, London: Jessica Kingsley. Bentall, R. P. (2003) Madness Explained: Psychosis and Human Nature, London: Penguin. Blackburn, (1999) Bowen, P. (2007) Blackstone’s Guide to the Mental Health Act 2007, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Boyle, M. (2002) Schizophrenia: A Scientific Delusion, London: Routledge. Giddens, (2006) Harris Et Al (2007) McCullogh Et Al (2005), Pritchard (2006) Muir-Cochrane (2006) Seedhouse (2000 P59-60) Seedhouse (2002 p55) Sokol (2008) Thompson (2006) Toussig (2002 p10) Usher Et Al (2006) Warren (2007) Word Count -1750 including references How to cite Medicine and Mental Illness, Papers

Review of Band Baaja Baarat

Questions: 1. Summarize what kapur means by, Bollywood culture industry (see 222). Give some examples how this aesthetic has spread outside the industry. 2. What does kapur mean by narrative flattening in the themed movies of 1990s? Does Band Baajaa Baaraat fit this profile? 3.what does it mean for the neoliberal subject to be regulated by the stress of asserting individuality and style (kapur227)? Do you agree? Answers: 1. According to Kapur Bollywood Culture Industry tries to portray the extravaganza involved in Indian culture, especially in Indian wedding ceremonies in global domain. According to her, the heart of Indian cinema deals with the family-oriented behavior of Indian people. It shows melodramatic sessions of Indian family oriented problems, the happy times associated in family bonding and the lavish Indian wedding scenario (Kapur 2009). The Indian government also encourages in promoting the Indian culture at global platform by highlighting the extravagancy in consumption culture of the Indians during a wedding season to give them the notion of the depth of Indian culture. This notion of Indian culture where family comes as the first priority has also been observed in the wedding ceremonies in real life. Recent trend shows that people from richer section of the society are engaged in theme-based, destination-based weddings and inviting celebrities to perform a function in the occasion which involves costs in crores of the currency. 2. Indian Cinema has shown narrative flattening in the movies released during 1990s. According to Kapur, Indian film has well imbibed the claustrophobic and ruthless level of narration. It tries to eliminate the existence of villains, melodrama between the fight for justice by the goods and bads, antagonisms, etc. The complexity of the human life has been minimized in the Indian cinema while the happy side of wedding, specially the Hindu wedding has been elucidated through different movies (Kapur 2009). The chosen film named Band Baajaa Baarat highlights this aspect of narrative flattening in the movie. The movie shows the way in which two people meets accidently and then the friendship grows amongst them along with the growth of their professional careers. It then depicts some emotional turmoil that the two characters underwent while trying to separate their personal and professional life but things end up in a happy note. Here again the problems of life has been minimized whereas t he happy facets has been highlighted resulting in an epitome example of narrative flattening. 3. Neo-liberal dynamic implies changes in the society that are incorporated with the social segments. In Indian cinema it has been seen that the Indian traditions has been prioritized and made superior. The cinemas were unable to incorporate all the difficulties that the society passes through while they pass through this transformation (Kapur 2009). According to my view, the movie Band Baajaa Baarat also goes through the same problem. It showed that the two main characters Bittoo as potrayed by Ranveer Singh and Shruti as potrayed by Anushka Sharma faced minimal restrictions from their family regarding their relationships. In reality, the Indian people still juxtaposed between modernization and orthodox mentality often poses hindrance in the relationship of their children. This has been eliminated the movie. In reality the Indian people especially the mediocre family causes a hindrance and often there are cases where the two people in relationships gets separated on force from their family. References: Kapur, Jyotsna. "An Arranged love marriage: India's neoliberal turn and the bollywood wedding culture industry."Communication, Culture Critique2, no. 2 (2009): 221-233.